Sun, Yat-sen (1866 - 1925)

Sun Yat-sen (traditional Chinese: 孫中山; simplified Chinese: 孙中山; pinyin: Sūn Zhōngshān, , 12 November 1866 – 12 March 1925) was a Chinese revolutionary statesman, physician, and political philosopher who served as the first provisional president of the Republic of China and the first leader of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China). He is called the "Father of the Nation" in the present-day Republic of China (Taiwan) and the "Forerunner of the Revolution" in the People's Republic of China for his instrumental role in the overthrowing of the Qing dynasty during the 1911 Revolution. Sun is unique among 20th-century Chinese leaders for being widely revered by both the Communist Party in Mainland China and the Nationalist Party in Taiwan.

Educated overseas, Sun is considered to be one of the greatest and most important leaders of modern China, but his political life was one of constant struggle and frequent exile. After the success of the revolution in 1911, he quickly resigned as president of the newly founded Republic of China and relinquished the position to Yuan Shikai. He soon went to exile in Japan for safety but returned to form and found a revolutionary government in Southern China, as a challenge to the warlords who controlled much of the nation. In 1923, he invited representatives of the Communist International to Canton (Guangzhou) to reorganize his party and formed a brittle alliance with the Chinese Communist Party. He did not live to see his party unify the country under his successor, Chiang Kai-shek, in the Northern Expedition. He died in Beijing of gallbladder cancer in 1925.

Sun's chief legacy is his political philosophy known as the Three Principles of the People: Mínzú (民族主義; Mínzúzhǔyì) or nationalism (independence from foreign domination), Mínquán (民權主義; Mínquánzhǔyì) or "rights of the people" (also translated as "democracy"), and Mínshēng (民生主義; Mínshēngzhǔyì) or people's livelihood (sometimes translated as "communitarianism" or "welfarism").

Sun Zhongshan, ka Sun Yatsen (hiina 孫逸仙 / 孙逸仙, Sūn Yìxiān või 孫中山 Sūn Zhōngshān) (12. november 1866 Cuiheng, Zhongshan, Guangdong – 12. märts 1925 Peking) oli Hiina revolutsionäär, Hiina Vabariigi esimene president. Teda peetakse kaasaegse Hiina rajajaks.

Sun Yat-sen (perint.: 孫逸仙; yksink.: 孙逸仙; pinyin: Sūn Yìxiān; Jyutping: Syun¹ Jat⁶-sin¹) eli Sun Zhongshan (perint.: 孫中山; yksink.: 孙中山; pinyin: Sūn Zhōngshān) (12. marraskuuta 1866 – 12. maaliskuuta 1925) oli kiinalainen vallankumousjohtaja ja poliitikko, Kuomintang-puolueen perustaja ja Kiinan tasavallan ensimmäinen presidentti. 1930-luvulla hän sai postuumisti tittelin ”Maan isä” (yksink.: 国父; perint.: 國父; pinyin: Guófù), jota käytetään yhä yleisesti Taiwanissa. Manner-Kiinassa hänestä käytetään nimitystä ”Vallankumouksen edelläkävijä” (kiin.: 革命先行者; pinyin: Gémìng Xiānxíngzhě) ja hänet mainitaan nimeltä Kiinan kansantasavallan perustuslain johdannossa.

Hän loi poliittisen ideologian, joka tunnetaan nimellä kansan kolme periaatetta.

Sunin mukaan on nimetty lukuisia asioita.

Sun Yat-sen (12. november 1866–12. mars 1925) var ein kinesisk revolusjonær og politikar som spelte ei viktig rolle under styrtinga av Qing-dynastiet og grunnlegginga av Republikken Kina. Han var den første provisoriske presidenten for republikken, og i vidareføringa Taiwan har han hatt stor innverknad og er kjend som «Landsfaderen». I Folkerepublikken Kina er han kjend som ein forløpar til revolusjonen.

Sun Yat-sen, även känd som Sun Zhongshan eller Sun Wen, född 12 november 1866 i Cuiheng, Xiangshan, Guangdong, död 12 mars 1925 i Peking, var en kinesisk revolutionär politiker och grundare av Kuomintang. Han anses vara en av huvudinspiratörerna bakom Xinhairevolutionen i oktober 1911 som störtade den sista kejserliga dynastin i Kina, för vilket han åtnjuter respekt i både Folkrepubliken Kina och Taiwan.