14. århundre (1301 - 1400)

The 14th century lasted from 1 January 1301 (represented by the Roman numerals MCCCI) to 31 December 1400 (MCD). It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa experienced economic growth and prosperity.

In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives – wiping out one third of the European population – while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of King Charles IV of France led to a claim to the French throne by King Edward III of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and the Ottoman Empire.

In Asia, Tamerlane (Timur), established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever established by a single conqueror. Scholars estimate that Timur's military campaigns caused the deaths of 17 million people, amounting to about 5% of the world population at the time. Synchronously, the Timurid Renaissance emerged. In the Arab world, historian and political scientist Ibn Khaldun and explorer Ibn Battuta made significant contributions. In India, the Bengal Sultanate separated from the Delhi Sultanate, a major trading nation in the world. The sultanate was described by the Europeans as the richest country to trade with. The Mongol court was driven out of China and retreated to Mongolia, the Ilkhanate collapsed, the Chaghatayid dissolved and broke into two parts, and the Golden Horde lost its position as a great power in Eastern Europe.

In Africa, the wealthy Mali Empire, a huge producer of gold, reached its territorial and economic height under the reign of Mansa Musa I of Mali, the wealthiest individual of medieval times, and perhaps the wealthiest ever.

In the Americas, the Mexica founded the city of Tenochtitlan, while the Mississippian mound city of Cahokia was abandoned.

14. sajand ehk XIV sajand pKr ehk m.a.j. on kristliku ajaarvamise neljateistkümnes sajand, mis algas 1. jaanuaril 1301 ja lõppes 31. detsembril 1400.

1300-luku oli vuosisata, johon kuuluivat vuodet 1300–1399.

< 1300-talet > viser til hundreåret frå 1300 til 1399 i den julianske kalenderen. Hundreåret hadde klimaendringar med overgangen frå den varme perioden i mellomalderen til den vesle istida. Eurasia opplevde hungersnaud, pest, religiøse og nasjonale konfliktar, men også vekst og nyvinningar, byrjinga på Ming-dynastiet, Det osmanske riket og den europeiske renessansen.

I början av 1300-talet avslutas skotska frihetskriget och under 1320-talet används kanoner för första gången i Europa. Hundraårskriget inleds 1337 - Edvard III av England gör anspråk på den franska tronen och går i krig, där engelsmännen vinner en stor seger i slaget vid Sluys. Andra halvan av århundradet präglas av digerdöden, där så många som 20 miljoner människor kan ha dött i Europa. Seklet avslutas med att armborst och kanoner minskar riddarnas betydelse, vilket i sin tur medför slutet för feodalismen.